BOXER ENGINES: INTRODUCTION: We all know various engine setups and designs. The INLINE and the V engines are the most common in this automotive world . There's also a different kind of engine that holds up its heritage from the end of the 18th century till date ,that's THE BOXER ENGINE!!. WHY SO THE NAME BOXER?? Boxer engines are powerful,efficient and way loud than the other engines ,they are also called as Horizontally opposed engines .The name boxer is given due its odd firing order of pistons and its arrangement . In a inline engine the pistons are straight but in a Boxer engine the pistons are faced opposite to each other and also their movement is similar to a boxer ,using his ...
BASIC FILE SYSTEMS:
WHY IS THIS HAPPENING:
Everyone atleast once in their lifetime have experienced this . "This file is too large to copy". This error would have made us irritated and everybody would have just shouted "HEY WINDOWS I HAVE 58 Gb/s of free space and my file is just around 5 Gb/s. !!!" Like I used to shout . Ok had anyone wondered why this happens. There is nothing wrong with the pen drive it's just because of the file system it has been formatted. Read till the end you'll surely find the solution to all of your problems.
WHAT IS A FILE SYSTEM:
File system is a method data or structure that an operating system uses to keep track of files on a disk or partition. It separates the data we put in computer into pieces and gives each piece a name or a identity, so the data is easily isolated and identified.
There are various file system in Operating systems ,Here we can learn about the file systems in Windows. which is used world wide .
FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, NTFS and exFAT are the file system available in Windows, but at present on almost all PC's have the last mentioned 3 systems ,
1.FAT32
2.NTFS
3.exFAT
FAT:
FAT (File Allocation Table) is the first formed file system in Windows that has been in use till windows XP. But it had some restrictions it allowed maximum partition upto 2 GB. Then came the FAT 32 system to tackle some problems with the FAT . FAT 32 came into existence with the windows 98. Still now FAT 32 is considered as most supported file system across all devices .FAT 32 allowed partitions upto 2TB.
NTFS:
The NTFS (New Technology File System ) introduced with the original Windows NT 3.1 in 1993. Still the NTFS is windows primary file system used in non removable hard disks . It can handle up to a theoretical maximum partition of 256TB . Also NTFS brought some file encryption support too.They can handle large sized single files.
exFAT:
The exFAT (extended File Allocation Table) is a newer file system format made especially for large sized Removable Flash storage devices , SD cards etc. It was designed by Microsoft back in 2006 and was a part of the company's Windows CE 6.0 operating system.
HOW TO CHOOSE APPROPRIATE FILE SYSTEM:
COMPATIBILITY:
Each file system has its own advantage in terms of compatibility The above mentioned 3 are compatible among all the windows os at present. FAT32, works in all game consoles and particularly anything with a USB port; for exFAT, it requires additional software on Linux; for NTFS, it is read only by default with the Mac os, and may be read only by default with some type of Linux distributions. Also almost every removable device is on FAT32 file system.
INDIVIDUAL FILE SIZE:
It is the most important aspect while choosing a file system. If you are an Videographer shooting a lot of videos especially 4K . Forget of FAT 32 because FAT 32 cannot store a single file larger than 4.0 GB ,NTFS file system can support the size of single file more than 4GB, and for exFAT, the maximum size of single file, Theoretically 16EB(16000000000 gigabytes) make sure to format your SD cards used for Cameras to exFAT it will support large single file size also it is supported on most of the cameras and even Mobile phones and Tablets.
VOLUME PARTITION:
In FAT32 the partition size is no larger than 2TB, which means you cannot format a hard drive larger than 2TB as a single FAT32 partition. NTFS allows you use 64KB clusters (which is mentioned as allocation size) to achieve a 256TB volume. In theory, you can achieve a 16EB volume of exFAT.
So if you are planning for a normal partition for an external hard disk go with NTFS.
HOW TO COPY LARGER FILES?
Here's the answer, now everyone would be familiar with the file systems ,by this time you would have got the answer ,Format your pen drive into exFAT format . From FAT32 which is default .
- Open your file explorer right click on your removable device.You will find format option in the options .
- Click that a Window will prompt and set the allocation size to default and change the file system to exFAT or NTFS , exFAT is supported along most of the new mobiles and all PC's. NTFS is not supported on some mobile devices . So format it to exFAT.
NOTE: Formatting will erase all the existing data in your removable device , so make sure you back up all the data before formatting.
This will surely solve your file copying problems.
To make partition. You can use some additional free softwares to do that and it can also be done in your System disk management options.
Hope this article gave you a vast knowledge about file systems and solved problem of file copying. Choose a file system wisely based on your requirements. Mention your thoughts through comments.
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